Fertility testing

Fertility testing checks ovulation, hormone levels and sperm health to help explain difficulty conceiving. Tests are tailored to each partner’s medical history and needs.

What is fertility testing?

Fertility testing refers to a series of investigations designed to evaluate reproductive health in both men and women. These tests help identify any underlying conditions that may be affecting female fertility and male fertility, and guide the most appropriate next steps.

In many cases, there isn’t a single cause. Fertility challenges can be linked to a combination of factors, including ovulation, sperm health, the fallopian tubes, and uterine environment, which is why a comprehensive and structured approach to testing is important.

When should you consider fertility testing?

Many couples conceive naturally within a year of regular, unprotected intercourse. If pregnancy has not occurred within this time, it may be helpful to explore further.

In line with clinical guidance, you may consider fertility testing if:

You have been trying to conceive for 12 months or more

You are over 35 and have been trying for 6 months or more

You have irregular or absent menstrual cycles

You have experienced recurrent pregnancy loss

You have a known reproductive health condition (such as endometriosis or PMOS - formerly PCOS)

The woman has undergone pelvic or abdominal surgery, or the man has experienced groin trauma or surgery

Or it may be that you have concerns about your fertility and would like reassurance or clarity

What does fertility testing involve?

Fertility testing for couples typically includes a combination of assessments based on your medical history, symptoms, and individual circumstances. Investigations are usually introduced step by step, beginning with the most informative and least invasive tests.

Fertility testing for women.

Hormone blood tests

Blood tests are used to assess ovulation and hormone balance. This may include measuring progesterone (to confirm ovulation), thyroid hormones, testosterone and prolactin levels.

Pelvic ultrasound

Provides a clear view of the uterus and ovaries to help identify fibroids, ovarian cysts, or features of polycystic ovaries.

Fallopian tube assessment

Tests such as HyCoSy (ultrasound-based) may be used to check whether the fallopian tubes are open and functioning.

Ovarian reserve testing

Tests such as anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) give an indication of the number of eggs.

Importantly, these ovarian reserve tests were originally developed to predict how the ovaries may respond to IVF treatment, rather than to predict natural fertility. Results are therefore interpreted carefully, alongside age and overall health.

Uterine assessment

In selected cases, further tests such as a sonohysterogram or hysteroscopy may be recommended to assess inside the uterus in more detail.

Genetic testing

Not routine, but may be considered in specific situations such as recurrent pregnancy loss or certain medical histories.

Fertility testing for men.

Semen analysis

Usually the first and most important test. Evaluates sperm count, movement (motility), and shape (morphology).

Hormone testing

In some cases, blood tests may be used to check levels of hormones such as testosterone and others involved in sperm production.

Imaging

A scrotal ultrasound may be used where there is suspicion of structural issues, such as varicocele.

Genetic testing

May be recommended in selected situations, particularly in cases of very low sperm count or azoospermia.

Additional tests

More specialised investigations, such as post-ejaculatory urinalysis, are considered when clinically indicated.

Fertility tests explained, for him & her

If you've been trying to conceive for 6+ months, fertility testing gives you the answers you need to make informed decisions. Professor Tim Child explains the full Oxford-standard fertility workup at Child Fertility in Riyadh, for both partners.

Individualised approach

Fertility testing is about identifying the most appropriate investigations for your individual circumstances, guided by clinical evidence and specialist expertise.

For many couples, the process brings reassurance. For others, it provides clear direction. In both cases, the goal is the same - to help you move forward with understanding and confidence.

Take the first step

If you are considering fertility testing in Saudi Arabia, or would like to better understand your reproductive health, seeking early guidance can be a positive and empowering step.

At Child Fertility, we offer comprehensive assessments, clear communication, and personalised care to help you decide your next step with confidence.

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Frequently asked questions

What tests are included in fertility testing for women?

Fertility tests for women may include blood tests to assess hormones and ovulation, and pelvic ultrasound to look at the uterus and ovaries. Depending on your situation, you may also be recommended for ovarian reserve tests (AMH, AFC), or fallopian tube assessment (HyCoSy). Further investigations, including hysteroscopy, laparoscopy or genetic testing, are usually only advised when there is a specific clinical reason.

What tests are included in fertility testing for men?

Fertility tests for men typically start with semen analysis and, in selected cases, hormone blood testing, genetic tests, scrotal ultrasound, or other specialised investigations if needed.

How long does fertility testing take?

Many fertility assessments can be completed in a single day, helping provide early clarity and direction. Depending on the results, some patients may require additional follow-up testing or appointments.

When should couples get fertility testing?

Couples are generally advised to consider fertility testing if pregnancy hasn’t occurred after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse, or after 6 months if the woman is 35 or over. Testing should be considered sooner if there are known reproductive health concerns such as irregular periods, suspected endometriosis, pelvic infection, known male-factor concerns or a history that may affect fertility.

Is fertility testing painful or invasive?

Most fertility tests are straightforward and minimally invasive. Blood tests may cause brief discomfort, ultrasounds may feel unfamiliar but should not be painful.More invasive procedures like hysteroscopy or laparoscopy are usually only recommended when clinically necessary and are performed under specialist care.